Belgium was the first Western European country to develop a significant anti-revisionist communist party, and to closely align itself with China and its polemics against “modern revisionism”.
In 1963, Jacques Grippa, a prominent leader in the pro-Soviet Communist Party of Belgium, was expelled from the Party for his anti-revisionism. Grippa had been active in the Party since the 1930’s, was a hero of the World War II Belgian resistence movement, and had headed its Brussels Federal Committee. In 1964, Grippa and a significant number of his supporters founded an alternative Communist Party of Belgium (PCB) and began publishing a weekly magazine, La Voix du Peuple (The Voice of the People).
With Chinese support, both ideological and financial, Grippa helped organize pro-Chinese anti-revisionist groups in other European countries. With the outbreak of the Chinese Cultural Revolution, however, the PCB underwent a split as supporters of the Cultural revolution clashed with Grippa and his supporters. Many left the PCB to form several new Maoist parties – the Walloon Communist Party (Marxist-Leninist) and the Communist Party Marxist-Leninist of Belgium. In 1968, Grippa came out openly in support of Liu Shao-chi, the former Chairman of the People’s Republic of China, deposed during the Cultural Revolution. Thereafter, Grippa’s PCB ceased to play a significant role in the Belgian anti-revisionist movement.
Le P.C.B. et la Scission “Grippiste” de 1963 par Milou (Émile) Rikir
China’s Great Cultural Revolution Has Opened a Channel to Communism by Sidney Rittenberg [Peking Review, April 14, 1967]
“On a Speech by Sidney Rittenberg” by Hammer & Steel [U.S.A.]
On the Question of Liu Shao-chi by the Progressive Worker [Canada]
Belgian Revisionism [from the Report of the Central Committee of the Marxist-Leninist Organization of Britain on the Role of “Centrist” Revisionism]
The (Reorganized) Communist Party of Belgium Enters the “Centrist” Revisionist Camp [from the Report of the Central Committee of the Marxist-Leninist Organization of Britain on the Role of “Centrist” Revisionism]
“Theory” and Practice of the Modern Revisionists by Jacques Grippa
Belgian Marxist-Leninists Decide to Rebuild Party [Peking Review, #3, January 17, 1964]
Belgian Marxist-Leninists Urged to Unite and Rebuild Communist Party [Peking Review, #15, April 10, 1964]
Jacques Grippa Condemns C.P.S.U. Leadership’s New Splitting Activities [Peking Review, #19, May 8, 1964]
Jacques Grippa’s Speech: International Communist Movement Strengthened in Current Great Debate [Peking Review, #35, August 28, 1964]
What Does Khrushchov Revisionists’ “United Action” Boil Down to? [Peking Review, #7, 1966]
Castro Speaks of Unity, But Has Chosen a Split [Peking Review, #9, 1966]
Moscow Meeting Has Nothing in Common With A Congress of the Party of Lenin – Says Jacques Grippa, Secretary of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of Belgium [Peking Review, #15, 1966]
Comrade Grippa Arrives For Visit [Peking Review, #35, 1966]
China’s Great Cultural Revolution Is Chairman Mao’s Magnificent and Great Achievement [Peking Review, #39, 1966]
Jacques Grippa’s Message [on China’s nuclear test] [Peking Review, #45, 1966]
Central Committee of C.P.C. Sends Greetings to Comrade Grippa [Peking Review, April 21, 1967]
Obituary: Ludo Martens (1946-2011) by Harpal Brar
Belgium’s Party of Labor Founded
The Liquidationist Tendency within the Marxist-Leninist Movement
Concerning Marxist-Leninist Unity by the Central Committee of the Workers’ Party of Belgium
To Be a Marxist and a Revolutionary in the World of 1988
On certain aspects of the struggle against revisionism: For the unity of all communists, in defence of proletarian internationalism by Ludo Martens
Greetings From Communist Party of Belgium (Marxist-Leninisl) [Peking Review, #22, 1970]
Soviet-U.S. “Disarmament” Hoax [Peking Review, #25, 1973]
Social-lmperialism Is the Enemy of the People [Peking Review, #12, 1974]
Belgium Communist Party (M-L) National Congress [Peking Review, December 19, 1975]
Message from First Secretary Lefebvre of Marxist-Leninist Communist Party of Belgium [on the death of Mao] [Peking Review, #40, 1976]
Belgian Party on war and revolution by The Call
Belgium Marxist-Leninist Communist Party: Second Congress [Peking Review, #7, February 11, 1977]
Belgium Communists Send Message of Greetings from The Call
Comrade Li Hsein-nein Meets Delegation of Marxist-Leninist Communist Party of Belgium [Peking Review, April 15, 1977]
Lessons in the Struggle for Communist Unity [Concerning Lines of Demarcation]
Belgium communists celebrate by The Call
May Day in Europe: two special reports by The Call